Even such seemingly simple processes as the evaporation of multicomponent droplets keeps surprising us through its richness of phenomena.

I will show and explain several of such phenomena, namely evaporation-triggered segregation thanks to either weak solutal Marangoni flow or thanks to gravitational effects. The dominance of the latter implies that sessile droplets and pending droplets show very different evaporation behavior, even for Bond number << 1. I will also explain the full phase diagram in the Marangoni number vs Rayleigh number phase space, and show where Rayleigh convections rolls prevail, where Marangoni convection rolls prevail, and where they compete, and why these processes are very important in inkjet printing and other applications.

I will also extend these considerations to ternary and colloidal droplets and show and explain various new, fascinating, and often counter-intuitive phenomena which occur for complex liquid droplets.

[1] Detlef Lohse, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 54, 349-382 (2022).

[2] Detlef Lohse and Xuehua Zhang, Nature Rev. Phys. 2, 426-443 (2020).